Types of Industrial Springs : Compression, Extension and Torsion — Which Do You Need?
- Rohit Chhabra
- Mar 14
- 4 min read
Updated: Mar 15
When sourcing springs for a new product or application, one of the first questions is: which type of spring do I need?
The three most common types are compression springs, extension springs and torsion springs. Each works in a different direction and is suited to different applications.
Choosing the wrong type can lead to premature failure, additional cost, and delays in your supply chain.
This guide explains how each type works, where it is used, and how to decide which one is right for your application. It is written for buyers and engineers sourcing types of industrial springs in India and internationally.
How they work
A compression spring is an open-coil helical spring that resists a pushing (compressive) force.
When load is applied along the axis, the spring shortens. When the load is removed, it returns to its original length.
Where they are used
Compression springs are one of the most widely used spring types across industry. Common applications include:
• Automotive assemblies — valves, suspension buffers, seat mechanisms
• Agricultural machinery — implement linkages, seed metering systems
• Electrical and electronic equipment — switches, connectors, battery contacts
• Industrial machinery — clamping mechanisms, safety devices, conveyor systems
• Consumer products — appliances, door latches, pens, toys
Manufacturing range at Super Springs
We manufacture compression springs in wire diameters from 0.3 mm to 7 mm, in spring steel grades SM/DM and SH/DH, and in SS304 stainless steel.
Custom outer diameters, free lengths and end types are available to drawing or sample.
How they work
An extension spring (also called a tension spring) is a close-coil helical spring that resists a pulling (tension) force.
The coils are wound tightly together. When a pulling load is applied, the spring stretches. When the load is removed, it returns to its original length.
Where they are used
Extension springs are commonly found in applications where two components need to be pulled back together after separation:
• Garage door mechanisms
• Agricultural implement linkages and return mechanisms
• Exercise and fitness equipment
• Industrial screen doors and access panels
• Mechanical linkages in manufacturing machinery
A note on hook types
Extension springs require a hook or loop at each end for attachment. The hook type affects how the spring connects to the assembly.
We manufacture extension springs with 8 different hook configurations, including Closed German Loop, German Side Loop, Raised Hook, English Loop and Extended Side Hook.
When ordering, specify the hook type and the angle between hooks.
Manufacturing range at Super Springs
We manufacture extension springs in wire diameters from 0.3 mm to 6 mm, in SM/DM and SH/DH spring steel and SS304 stainless steel.
How they work
A torsion spring stores energy when it is twisted or rotated. It exerts a force in the opposite direction — returning to its original position when the load is released.
Unlike compression and extension springs, torsion springs work with rotational force rather than linear force.
Where they are used
Torsion springs are used in applications that require controlled rotation or angular return:
• Automotive door and boot hinges
• Agricultural cultivator teeth — double torsion springs are widely used here
• Furniture recliners and folding mechanisms
• Safety gear and helmet locking mechanisms
• Clothespeg-type clamps and clip mechanisms
• Industrial door closers
Single vs double torsion
Single torsion springs have one coil body with two legs extending from each end.
Double torsion springs have two coil bodies connected at the centre. They are used where higher torque or symmetrical loading is required — common in agricultural cultivators and heavy mechanical assemblies.
Manufacturing range at Super Springs
We manufacture single and double torsion springs in wire diameters from 0.3 mm to 6 mm, in SM/DM and SH/DH spring steel and SS304 stainless steel.
Leg lengths, leg angles and coil diameters are all customisable to drawing or sample.
Which Type Do You Need? A Simple Decision Guide
The easiest way to identify the correct spring type is to consider the direction of force in your application:
• If the spring is being pushed or compressed — use a compression spring
• If the spring is being pulled or stretched — use an extension spring
• If the spring is being twisted or rotated — use a torsion spring
Beyond force direction, consider the operating environment:
• Standard indoor industrial use — SM/DM spring steel is sufficient
• High load, high cycle or outdoor agricultural use — choose SH/DH grade
• Corrosive environments, outdoor exposure or food contact — specify SS304 stainless steel
If you are unsure, share your application details or a sample with us. Our team will recommend the right type, grade and dimensions before production begins.
Super Springs has been manufacturing springs and wire components from our factory in Gurgaon, India since 1984.
We are an ISO 9001:2015 certified manufacturer supplying OEMs, brands and distributors across 14 countries.
Our range includes compression springs, extension springs, torsion springs, drawbar springs, trampoline springs and octopus springs — all manufactured to customer drawings, samples or specifications.
Low MOQ is available. Custom packaging and private label supply are supported.
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